The university cores of Luanda and Lourenço Marques (later Maputo) had lacked departments of social sciences, although they strongly supported excursions into literature, which partially explains the strong literary inclination of those countries. The same can be said of Cape Verde, which from its early days demonstrated a ulture forged by writers, musicians and poets.
The first published works which appeared were of a militant nature and blurred the roles of writers and social scientists. It was natural that two key figures enjoyed a special position during this period: Mário Pinto de Andrade and Aquino de Bragança. Both had played an important role in the Paris-Casablanca-Algiers connection since the birth of the Confederação das Organizações Nacionalistas das Colónias Portuguesas (Conference of Nationalist Organisations of Portuguese Colonies – CONCP). Both had experienced the effervescent ambiance of Paris around May 1968.
Both had a cosmopolitan outlook and little inclination towards the gun. They quickly became the intellectual spokespersons for a radical movement in the fight for independence.
Mário Pinto de Andrade was no stranger to politics, having been the first President of the MPLA. Aquino de Bragança was not even from Africa, but his struggle for the independence of the Portuguese colonies in India brought him nearer to the African continent, which he adopted as his own. Both ended up finding roots in adopted countries: Mário Pinto de Andrade in Guinea-Bissau, and Aquino de Bragança in Mozambique.
The relationship of both with personalities like Immanuel Wallerstein, Samir Amin, Ruth First, Abdoulay Bathily, and many others was channelled through the new generations of Portuguese-speaking Africans who aligned themselves with the more radical currents of political thinking …
http://www.codesria.org/Links/Publications/arb_dec05/lopes.pdf
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